Today several tens of diseases are known, when a real chance of a man for life can become transplantation of organs, tissues and cells, because they are considered incurable without transplantation. This is why this direction in medicine is considered the top of science and practice, their ideal combination, the reason for development and cooperation of many other sections of medicine.For Belarusian transplantology, starting from the moment of the first transplantation in 1970, the last and this year were a serious jerk: a new, more acceptable law on transplantology, the most frequent kidney transplantation for the last time, the first and successful liver transplantations…
In the world almost 100 thousand operations on transplantation of organs and more than 200 thousand transplantations of tissues and cells are annually carried out. And Belarus with varied success for almost four decades has been putting in its spoke. Until recently it was compratively small in a quantitative sense.The list of operations looked modestly: since 1970 the national specialists have been made operations on kidney transplantation, since 1993 — bone marrow and blood stem cells, since 1998 — stem cells in case of oncological and hematologic diseases. Specialists think that the main barriers for transplantology service development was absence of a proper legislative base and moral unpreparedness of the society. This, in its turn, caused different contradictions, distrust to doctors, who took part in the process of organs’ taking and their transplantation, impossibility to create the national coordination center, what in the result deprived many sick people of hope of deliverance.
However, it seems that the time of troubles for transplantology was left in the past. The things, at which the specialists worked theoritically during long years, is ready to acquire practical coloring. Besides, as noted Robert Chasnoyt, the first deputy minister of public health service of Belarus during the International scientific and practical conference “State and perspectives of transplantology”, which was held in Minsk, after 2009 in the Republican center of surgery and transplantology operations on transplantology of organs should become common. Their list will be significantly expanded, and to 2010–2011 it is planned to master multiorgan transplantations.
As it is known, the first operation on heart transplantation was planned by Belarusian specialists in the beginning of the next year. According to the director of the heart surgery laboratory of the Republican scientific and practical center “Cardiology” Yuri Ostrovsky, this process is difficult not only technologically, but also in terms of organization — it requires time.
— Advance to heart transplantation was made this year, —professor thinks. — Cardiac surgeons took part in organs’ taking, the issues on protection of a donor heart and legal support of taking were solved. Till the end of this year we expect a donor heart. During this period of time two brigades of our cardio surgeons will work on probation in hospitals of Czech Republic and Germany. After that it is reputed that the center is completely ready to transplantation.
Today 18 reciepients underwent examination and complete preparation to heart transplantation in Belarus, in whole, 70–90 our citizens need it. Unfortunately, it will not be possible to make this operation to each of them because of the deficit of donor organs. This is one more problem, hindering transplantology development, however, not only Belarusian transplantology.
Today in our country it is necessary to carry out at least 500 transplantations of organs. In compliance with the latest research, carried out by the group of experts from the USA, in the world the demand for kidney transplantation per million people amounts to 74.5, heart — 67.4, liver — 59. They are followed in this “top list” by sweetbread, lung, a complex heart—lung. Alongside with that, in the whole world real possibilities of medicine allow carrying out less than 50 per cent from demand. Everybody, who works in the sphere of the national transplantology, hopes to increase the number of transplantation operations in our country at least to such indicators. After that, perhaps…
Mikhail Miasnikovich, the chairman of the presidium of the National Academy of Science of Belarus:
“The fact that the the International scientific and practical conference on transplantology took place in Belarus, testifies on the most important — on certain success of the national transplantology. There is nothing more precious than live exchange of knowledge and experience, discussions of practitioners from different countries on some contradictory and topical issues. There are many such issues, which have to be solved by transplantology services of all countries. I think that the represented reports were an additional impetus for professional growth of the conference participants.”
Anatoly Uss, the main free-lance transplantologist of the Ministry of Public Health of Belarus, the deputy head doctor of the 9th Clinical Hospital of the City of Minsk:
“Conference approved one more time the fact we knew: practical transplantology development requires international cooperation. Cooperation with hospitals of the CIS and the European Union shall be widely used in a daily work. In future we plan to be geared to Eurotransplant, an international organization, coordinating the work of many centres of Europe, and also to use experience of existing cooperation with hospitals of Moscow, Hannover, Berlin, Oxford. For example, our participation in the transplantation Committee of the European Society, in which Belarus has been taking part since 2007, can become very important for transplantology service.”
